...My PrePaRatiOn OutLiNe...

‘THE ADVANTAGES OF WEARING SAFETY BELT AMONG BACK PASSENGER’

1.0 In Class Activities

NO
DATE
CLASS ACTIVITY
1
06/01/2009
Introduction to BEL 492
2
13/01/2009
Lectures on public student portfolio and preparation outline
3
20/01/2009
Lectures on introduction
4
27/01/2009
Mid-Term Break
5
03/02/2009
Lectures on preparation outlines
6
10/02/2009
Lectures on bibliography
7
17/02/2009
Lectures on preparation outlines
8
24/02/2009
Presentation 1 – Group 1 (40%)
9
03/03/2009
Presentation 1 – Group 2 (40%)
10
10/03/2009
Lectures on student portfolio
11
17/03/2009
No class
12
24/03/2009
Presentation 2 – Group 1 (40%)
13
31/03/2009
Presentation 2 – Group 2 (40%)
14
07/04/2009
Presentation 2 – Group 3 (40%)


PREPARATION OUTLINE

2.0 Introduction

2.1 Title
‘The advantages of wearing safety belt among back passenger.’

2.2 Reason for choosing the title
2.2.1 I’m interested on this topic because lately, many accident occur and many people die and become disable because there did not wearing any safety belt.

2.3 General Purpose
To inform

2.4 Specific Purpose
To inform the audience about the advantages of wearing safety belt among back passenger in order to prevent from an accident, serious injury[1], illness and etc.

2.5 Central Idea
2.5.1 Definition of safety belt
2.5.2 Types of safety belt
2.5.3 Rear seatbelt regulation
2.5.4 The statistic of safety belt
2.5.5 The advantages of safety belt

3.0 Body

3.1 Definition of safety belt
3.1.1 Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2004) defined safety belt as a belt that is attached to the seat in a car or a plane and that you fasten around yourself so that you are not thrown out of the seat if there is an accident. Also known as a seat belt.

3.1.2 According from Wikipedia (2009) described safety belt as safety harness designed to secure the occupant of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result from a collision or a sudden stop.

3.1.3 From the internet sources, www.yourdictionary.com (2009) defined safety belt as they will not be injured, even if they are not wearing safety belts

3.2 Types of safety belt

3.2.1 According to the Wikipedia (2009) there are 8 types of safety belt but I will focused on 5 only, there are:

3.2.1.1 LAP – Can be defining as an adjustable strap that goes over the waist. Used frequently in older cars, now common in some rear middle seats.

3.2.1.2 SASH – Is an adjustable strap that goes over the shouldered mainly in the 1960s, but of limited benefit because it is very easy to slip out of in a collision[2].

3.2.1.3 THREE-POINT – Similar to the lap and shoulder. But one single continuous length of webbing. Both three-point and lap-and-sash belts help spread out the energy of the moving body in a collision over the chest, pelvis and shoulder.

3.2.1.4 BELT-IN-SEAT (BIS) – The BIS is a three-point where the shoulder belt attachment is to the backrest, not to the pillar. This system allegedly is safer in case of rollover, especially with 4-8 years old children

3.2.1.5 FIVE-POINT HARNESS – Is more restrictive[3] than most other seat belt types. Typically found in child safety seats and in racing cars. The lap portion is connected to a belt between the legs and there are two shoulder belts, making a total of five points of attachment to the seat.

3.3 Rear seatbelt regulation

3.3.1 According to http://www.jpj.com (2009) state that starting on 1st January 2009, rules on rear seatbelt are contained in the amendments to the Motor Vehicles (Safety Seat Belts) Rules 1977, under the Road Transport Act 1987. This procedure has been authorized to all vehicles except for:

3.3.1.1 Vehicle registered after 1st January 1995 but without anchorage points
3.3.1.2 Commercial vehicles, including taxis and rental cars
3.3.1.3 Vehicle with more than 8 seat and not including the driver
3.3.1.4 Goods vehicles with a maximum load limit of 3.5 tones
3.3.1.5 The fourth rear-seat passenger in a car with three seat belts at the rear

3.3.2 According to http://www.jpj.com (2009) state that offenders above the age of 17 will be individually fined. On the other hand, if rear-seat passengers under the age of 17 are not buckled up, the car driver will be fine for the offence. Every driver and passenger who did not wearing rear seat belt will give up fined not more than RM2,000 or jailed sentence no more than 1 year or both. However, for the first 6 month from the date been authorize which is 1 January until 30 Jun 2009, Malaysian Road Transport Department (JPJ) or Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM) will be issued with a compound fine of RM300.

3.4 The statistic of safety belt

3.4.1 According to the MIROS (Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research)(2007) state that each year, Malaysian experiences approximately 350 deaths due to accident related to unbelted rear passengers (Royal Malaysian Police[4]). The table below indicates the fatality of rear passengers with regard to seatbelt used:

Type
Car
Lorry
Van
Year
Belted
Unbelted
Belted
Unbelted
Belted
Unbelted
2003
11
127
0
11
0
29
2004
13
136
1
23
0
19
2005
19
173
4
21
1
28


3.4.2 According to the Ministry of Transport Malaysia (2009) stated that 825 people, 54.5% says they have already using their rear seatbelt and 688 people, 45.5% says they did not using their rear seatbelt. Below are the chart of this statistic:

The statistic of how many people started using rear seatbelt

3.5 The advantages of safety belt

3.5.1 According to http://www.vic.roads.com there are 4 advantages which is:
3.5.1.1 Rear seatbelt decrease the time it takes an occupant to come to a stop on impact
3.5.1.2 Spread the impact forced over a greater area of the body
3.5.1.3 Rear seatbelt minimize contact with the interior of the vehicle and also
3.5.1.4 It prevents ejection

3.5.2 According to the MIROS (Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research) (2007) it state that wear rear seatbelts do save lives and also reducing injury severity[5] of passengers.

4.0 Conclusion

In my conclusion, wearing safety belt among back passenger is extremely important to the people. It is one of the simplest and most effective ways to protecting ourselves as a driver of passenger in a car. There is a lot of advantages of wearing rear seat belt and one of it is it can minimize fatal death and injury when accident occur. It is our responsibility as a rear passenger to make sure our seat belt is properly fastened and adjusted. We also must encourage the driver and other passengers to buckle up. No matter what speed you are going or how far you will be travelling please were you seatbelt.


References

Http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat_belt
Http://www.miros.gov.my
Http://www.portal.jpj.gov.my/v5/index.php?lang=en
Http://www.thefreedictionary.com/seat+belt
Http://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/Home/Seat+Belts.htm

My Blog

http://www.sitiaisyah87.blogspot.com


EVALUATION FORM

Name : Siti Aisyah binti Noraziman
Course : BM 223
BEL Code : BEL 492
Preparation : /5
Format : /1
Introduction : /0.5
Body : /5
Conclusion : /0.5
Language : /8
TOTAL : /20 × 0.01
: /10




[1] Injury or bodily injury is damage or harm caused to the structure or function of the body caused by an outside agent or force, which may be physical or chemical.
[2] Collision is an accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object, for example three passengers were killed in the collision or the collision of the two ships resulted in a serious oil spill.
[3] Restrictive is serving or tending to restrict; limiting; as, a restrictive particle; restrictive laws of trade.
[4] Royal Malaysian Police is a part of the security forces structure in Malaysia, the force is a centralized organization with responsibilities ranging from traffic control to intelligence gathering. It’s headquarters is located at Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur.
[5] Severity used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather.